AQP4x Antibody#60789,Cell Signaling Technology (CST),60789

Aquaporins (AQPs) are integral membrane proteins that serve as channels to transfer water and small solutes across the membrane. There are 13 isoforms of AQP that are expressed in different types of cells and tissues (1,2). AQP1 is found in blood vessels, kidney, eye, and ear. AQP2 is found in the kidney, and it has been shown that the lack of AQP2 results in diabetes (1,3). AQP4 is present in the brain, where it is enriched in astrocytes (1,2,4). AQP5 is found in the salivary and lacrimal gland, AQP6 in intracellular vesicles in the kidney, AQP7 in adipocytes, AQP8 in kidney, testis, and liver, AQP9 is present in liver and leukocytes, and AQP10-11 in the intestine (1,3,4). AQPs are essential for the function of cells and organs. It has been shown that AQP1 and AQP4 regulate water homeostasis in astrocytes, preventing cerebral edema caused by solute imbalance (5). Several studies have shown the involvement of AQPs in the development of inflammatory processes, including innate and adaptive cell immunity (6,7).The mouse AQP4x has an extended sequence at the C-terminal (ex) as a result of a codon readthrough during alternative splicing (8). The C-terminal extension in the mouse AQP4x changes the localization to a more perivascular polarization (8). Programmed translational readthrough could occur also in human AQP4x (9).Takata, K. et al. (2004)Prog Histochem Cytochem39, 1-83.Echevarría, M. and Ilundáin, A.A. (1998)J Physiol Biochem54, 107-18.Gomes, A. et al. (2018)Front Chem6, 238.Xu, M. et al. (2017)Adv Exp Med Biol969, 81-103.Kobayashi, H. et al. (2004)J Pharmacol Sci96, 264-70.Meli, R. et al. (2018)Front Physiol9, 101.Ishibashi, K. et al. (1998)Biochem Biophys Res Commun244, 268-74.Sapkota, D. et al. (2019)Cell Rep26, 594-607.e7.De Bellis, M. et al. (2017)Glia65, 790-803.Alternate NamesAQP-4; AQP4 iso4; aquaporin 4; aquaporin-4 isoform M1x; MIWC; WCH4

AQP-4; AQP4 iso4; aquaporin 4; aquaporin-4 isoform M1x; MIWC; WCH4