Anti-Toxin A + Toxin B antibody [EPR23358-136] - BSA and Azide free (Capture),Abcam,AB315116
ab315116 is a BSA and Azide free antibody supplied in an unconjugated format and it is suitable for sandwich ELISAs to quantify Clostridioides difficile Toxin A + Toxin B. The recommended pair for sandwich ELISA is: Capture: ab315116, Toxin A + Toxin B Capture Antibody (unconjugated) Detector: ab315117 , Toxin A + Toxin B Detector Antibody (unconjugated) The reference range value is 0.12-15 ng/mL. The recommended antibody orientation is based on internal optimization for ELISA based assays. Antibody orientation is assay dependent and needs to be optimized for each assay type. Please note that the range provided for this antibody is only an estimation based on the performance of the product using the recommended antibody pair. Performance of the antibody pair will depend on the specific characteristics of your assay. We guarantee the product works in sandwich ELISA, but we do not guarantee the sensitivity or dynamic range of the antibody in your assay. Our carrier-free formats are supplied in a buffer free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol for higher conjugation efficiency. The antibodies are provided at an approximate concentration of 1 mg/ml as measured by the protein A280 method. Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with <1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold. Sandwich ELISA The recommended antibody orientation is based on internal optimization for ELISA-based assays. Antibody orientation is assay dependent and needs to be optimized for each assay type. Please note that the range provided for this antibody is only an estimation based on the performance of the product using the recommended antibody pair. Performance of the antibody pair will depend on the specific characteristics of your assay. We guarantee the product works in sandwich ELISA, but we do not guarantee the sensitivity or dynamic range of the antibody in your assay. Patented technology Our RabMAb ® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb ® patents . What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody? This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including: - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility - Improved sensitivity and specificity - Long-term security of supply - Animal-free batch production For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies . Conjugation ready Our carrier-free antibodies are typically supplied in a PBS-only formulation, purified and free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol. This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications. Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with 1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.
Host
Rabbit
Reactivity
Clostridium difficile
Application
sELISA
Platform ID
BAB123417496
Abcam
Contact
Tel: +44 (0)1223 696000
Fax: +44 (0)1223 215 215
Email:
Specifications
Scientific Background
Target data Toxin A. Precursor of a cytotoxin that targets and disrupts the colonic epithelium, inducing the host inflammatory and innate immune responses and resulting in diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis (PubMed : 20844489). TcdA and TcdB constitute the main toxins that mediate the pathology of C.difficile infection, an opportunistic pathogen that colonizes the colon when the normal gut microbiome is disrupted (PubMed : 19252482, PubMed : 20844489). Compared to TcdB, TcdA is less virulent and less important for inducing the host inflammatory and innate immune responses (PubMed : 19252482). This form constitutes the precursor of the toxin : it enters into host cells and mediates autoprocessing to release the active toxin (Glucosyltransferase TcdA) into the host cytosol (By similarity). Targets colonic epithelia by binding to some receptor, and enters host cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis (By similarity). Binding to LDLR, as well as carbohydrates and sulfated glycosaminoglycans on host cell surface contribute to entry into cells (PubMed : 16622409, PubMed : 1670930, PubMed : 31160825). In contrast to TcdB, Frizzled receptors FZD1, FZD2 and FZD7 do not act as host receptors in the colonic epithelium for TcdA (PubMed : 27680706). Once entered into host cells, acidification in the endosome promotes the membrane insertion of the translocation region and formation of a pore, leading to translocation of the GT44 and peptidase C80 domains across the endosomal membrane (By similarity). This activates the peptidase C80 domain and autocatalytic processing, releasing the N-terminal part (Glucosyltransferase TcdA), which constitutes the active part of the toxin, in the cytosol (PubMed : 17334356, PubMed : 19553670, PubMed : 27571750).. Glucosyltransferase TcdA. Active form of the toxin, which is released into the host cytosol following autoprocessing and inactivates small GTPases (PubMed : 22267739, PubMed : 22747490, PubMed : 24905543, PubMed : 30622517, PubMed : 7775453). Acts by mediating monoglucosylation of small GTPases of the Rho family (Rac1, RhoA, RhoB, RhoC, Rap2A and Cdc42) in host cells at the conserved threonine residue located in the switch I region ('Thr-37/35'), using UDP-alpha-D-glucose as the sugar donor (PubMed : 22267739, PubMed : 22747490, PubMed : 24905543, PubMed : 30622517, PubMed : 7775453). Monoglucosylation of host small GTPases completely prevents the recognition of the downstream effector, blocking the GTPases in their inactive form, leading to actin cytoskeleton disruption and cell death, resulting in the loss of colonic epithelial barrier function (PubMed : 7775453). Also able to catalyze monoglucosylation of some members of the Ras family (H-Ras/HRAS, K-Ras/KRAS and N-Ras/NRAS), but with much less efficiency than with Rho proteins, suggesting that it does not act on Ras proteins in vivo (PubMed : 30622517). See full target information tcdA Additional targets tcdB
Category Paths
Please provide the required information below so that we can quickly source your products.