GCN2 Antibody (YA417),MedChemexpress,HY-P80138

GCN2 is a metabolic-stress sensing protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) under low amino acid availability, thereby activating the integrated stress response (ISR) to adapt to amino acid starvation (By similar). Phosphorylation of EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha inhibits global cap-dependent translation while preferentially translating ISR-specific mRNAs (e.g., transcriptional activator ATF4), enabling ATF4-mediated reprogramming of amino acid biosynthetic gene expression to alleviate nutrient depletion (PubMed:32610081). GCN2 also binds uncharged tRNAs (By similar) and promotes translational induction of protein kinase PRKCH post amino acid starvation (By similar). It regulates cell cycle progression by repressing cyclin D1 mRNA translation upon unfolded protein response (UPR) activation or activating CDKN1A/p21 mRNA translation during amino acid deprivation (PubMed:26102367). In the nervous system, GCN2 contributes to synaptic plasticity consolidation, learning, and long-term memory formation (By similar), while inhibiting neurite outgrowth (By similar). It exhibits proapoptotic activity during glucose deprivation (By similar) and suppresses global protein synthesis upon UV irradiation independently of SAPK/JNK and p38 MAPK pathways (By similar). Additionally, GCN2 restricts alphavirus replication by impairing early viral mRNA translation (By similar) and modulates adaptive immunity against yellow fever virus by promoting dendritic cell autophagy and antigen presentation (PubMed:24310610).