GPAT3 (E5R1H) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody#71236,Cell Signaling Technology (CST),71236

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPATs) catalyze the first step in thede novosynthesis of triacylglycerol (TAG) and phospholipids by converting glycerol-3-phosphate to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) (1). The GPAT family consists of four family members: two mitochondrial proteins (GPAT1 and GPAT2) and two microsomal proteins (GPAT3 and GPAT4). Each can differ in tissue expression, regulation, and physiological and pathophysiological roles (2). The microsomal proteins GPAT3 and GPAT4 were originally designated as AGPAT8 and AGPAT6, respectively. 1-acyl-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (AGPAT) catalyzes the subsequent reaction converting LPA to phosphatidic acid. The genes were renamed toGPAT3andGPAT4upon elucidation of GPAT activity (3,4). Both GPAT3 and GPAT4 are expressed in adipose tissue, but GPAT3 is highly induced during adipocyte differentiation (4). Brown adipose tissue (BAT) preferentially expresses GPAT4 (5). GPAT3 and GPAT4 may also be phosphorylated in response to insulin treatment to increase GPAT activity (6). Accumulation of saturated LPA produced by GPAT4 at the ER-mitochondrial contact site can inhibit autophagy through the abnormal formation of omegasomes, which are precursors to the autophagosome (7). Glycerolipid synthesis by GPAT3 and GPAT4 can also regulate activation of macrophages (8).Yamashita, A. et al. (2014)Biology (Basel)3, 801-30.Karasawa, K. et al. (2019)Int J Mol Sci20, 964. doi: 10.3390/ijms20040964.Chen, Y.Q. et al. (2008)J Biol Chem283, 10048-57.Cao, J. et al. (2006)Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A103, 19695-700.Cooper, D.E. et al. (2015)J Biol Chem290, 15112-20.Shan, D. et al. (2010)J Lipid Res51, 1971-81.Shiozaki, Y. et al. (2020)iScience23, 101105.Quiroga, I.Y. et al. (2019)Biochem J476, 85-99.Alternate Names1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 10; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 9; 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 8; 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 9; 1-AGP acyltransferase 9; 1-AGPAT 9; Acyl-CoA:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3; AGPAT 10; AGPAT10; AGPAT8; AGPAT9; endoplasmic reticulum associated GPAT; Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3; GPAT-3; GPAT3; hGPAT3; HMFN0839; LPAAT-theta; Lung cancer metastasis-associated protein 1; Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase theta; lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase, theta; MAG-1; MAG1; MGC11324; testis secretory sperm-binding protein Li 213e

1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 10; 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 9; 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 8; 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 9; 1-AGP acyltransferase 9; 1-AGPAT 9; Acyl-CoA:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3; AGPAT 10; AGPAT10; AGPAT8; AGPAT9; endoplasmic reticulum associated GPAT; Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 3; GPAT-3; GPAT3; hGPAT3; HMFN0839; LPAAT-theta; Lung cancer metastasis-associated protein 1; Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase theta; lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase, theta; MAG-1; MAG1; MGC11324; testis secretory sperm-binding protein Li 213e