GPNMB (E4D7P) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (BSA and Azide Free)#79846,Cell Signaling Technology (CST),79846

Glycoprotein non-metastatic gene B (GPNMB) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein overexpressed in many types of cancer. The GPNMB glycoprotein is involved in many physiological processes, including mediating transport of late melanosomes to keratinocytes (1), regulating osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and function (2), stimulating dendritic cell maturation, promoting adhesion of dendritic cells to endothelial cells (3), enhancing autophagosome fusion to lysosomes in tissue repair, and regulating degradation of cellular debris (4,5).While typical GPNMB expression is seen in tissues including skin, heart, kidney, lung, liver, and skeletal muscle (3,6), research studies show elevated GPNMB expression often contributes to the metastatic phenotype in numerous cancers (reviewed in 7). GPNMB is typically localized to intracellular compartments in normal cells (1,8), but investigators found it primarily on the cell surface of tumor cells (9,10). Differential localization and expression, and the role of GPNMB as a tumor promoter in many cancer types make this protein a viable therapeutic target (11).The GPNMB ectodomain can be cleaved by matrix metalloproteinases and shed from the cell surface (12). Research studies identify the sheddase ADAM10 as one peptidase responsible for cleavage of the GPNMB ectodomain at the surface of breast cancer cells. Shedded GPNMB ectodomains may promote angiogenesis by inducing endothelial cell migration (13).Tomihari, M. et al. (2009)Exp Dermatol18, 586-95.Sheng, M.H. et al. (2012)PLoS One7, e35280.Shikano, S. et al. (2001)J Biol Chem276, 8125-34.Li, B. et al. (2010)FASEB J24, 4767-81.Patel-Chamberlin, M. et al. (2011)Kidney Int79, 1138-48.Bandari, P.S. et al. (2003)Regul Pept111, 169-78.Maric, G. et al. (2013)Onco Targets Ther6, 839-52.Ripoll, V.M. et al. (2007)J Immunol178, 6557-66.Tse, K.F. et al. (2006)Clin Cancer Res12, 1373-82.Rose, A.A. et al. (2010)Clin Cancer Res16, 2147-56.Keir, C.H. and Vahdat, L.T. (2012)Expert Opin Biol Ther12, 259-63.Furochi, H. et al. (2007)FEBS Lett581, 5743-50.Rose, A.A. et al. (2010)PLoS One5, e12093.Alternate Namesglycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb; glycoprotein NMB; glycoprotein nmb-like protein; glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B; GPNMB; Hematopoietic growth factor inducible neurokinin-1 type; HGFIN; NMB; osteoactivin; PLCA3; Transmembrane glycoprotein HGFIN; Transmembrane glycoprotein NMB

glycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb; glycoprotein NMB; glycoprotein nmb-like protein; glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B; GPNMB; Hematopoietic growth factor inducible neurokinin-1 type; HGFIN; NMB; osteoactivin; PLCA3; Transmembrane glycoprotein HGFIN; Transmembrane glycoprotein NMB