PLK1 (208G4) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Biotinylated)#59003,Cell Signaling Technology (CST),59003

At least four distinct polo-like kinases exist in mammalian cells: PLK1, PLK2, PLK3, and PLK4/SAK (1). PLK1 apparently plays many roles during mitosis, particularly in regulating mitotic entry and exit. The mitosis promoting factor (MPF), cdc2/cyclin B1, is activated by dephosphorylation of cdc2 (Thr14/Tyr15) by cdc25C. PLK1 phosphorylates cdc25C at Ser198 and cyclin B1 at Ser133, causing translocation of these proteins from the cytoplasm to the nucleus (2-5). PLK1 phosphorylation of Myt1 at Ser426 and Thr495 has been proposed to inactivate Myt1, one of the kinases known to phosphorylate cdc2 at Thr14/Tyr15 (6). Polo-like kinases also phosphorylate the cohesin subunit SCC1, causing cohesin displacement from chromosome arms that allow for proper cohesin localization to centromeres (7). Mitotic exit requires activation of the anaphase promoting complex (APC) (8), a ubiquitin ligase responsible for removal of cohesin at centromeres, and degradation of securin, cyclin A, cyclin B1, Aurora A, and cdc20 (9). PLK1 phosphorylation of the APC subunits Apc1, cdc16, and cdc27 has been demonstratedin vitroand has been proposed as a mechanism by which mitotic exit is regulated (10,11).Substitution of Thr210 with Asp has been reported to elevate PLK1 kinase activity and delay/arrest cells in mitosis, while a Ser137Asp substitution leads to S-phase arrest (12). In addition, while DNA damage has been found to inhibit PLK1 kinase activity, the Thr210Asp mutant is resistant to this inhibition (13). PLK1 has been reported to be phosphorylatedin vivoat Ser137 and Thr210 in mitosis; DNA damage prevents phosphorylation at these sites (14).Nigg, E.A. (1998)Curr Opin Cell Biol10, 776-83.Toyoshima-Morimoto, F. et al. (2002)EMBO Rep3, 341-8.Toyoshima-Morimoto, F. et al. (2001)Nature410, 215-20.Peter, M. et al. (2002)EMBO Rep3, 551-6.Jackman, M. et al. (2003)Nat Cell Biol5, 143-8.Nakajima, H. et al. (2003)J Biol Chem278, 25277-80.Sumara, I. et al. (2002)Mol Cell9, 515-25.Hauf, S. et al. (2001)Science293, 1320-3.Peters, J.M. (1999)Exp. Cell Res.248, 339-49.Kraft, C. et al. (2003)EMBO J22, 6598-609.Kotani, S. et al. (1998)Mol Cell1, 371-80.Jang, Y.J. et al. (2002)J Biol Chem277, 44115-20.Smits, V.A. et al. (2000)Nat Cell Biol2, 672-6.Tsvetkov, L. and Stern, D.F. (2005)Cell Cycle4, 166-71.Alternate Namescell cycle regulated protein kinase; PLK; PLK-1; PLK1; polo (Drosophia)-like kinase; polo like kinase; polo like kinase 1; Polo-like kinase 1; polo-like kinase 1 (Drosophila); Serine/threonine-protein kinase 13; Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1; STPK13

cell cycle regulated protein kinase; PLK; PLK-1; PLK1; polo (Drosophia)-like kinase; polo like kinase; polo like kinase 1; Polo-like kinase 1; polo-like kinase 1 (Drosophila); Serine/threonine-protein kinase 13; Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1; STPK13