RAR gamma1 (D3A4) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (BSA and Azide Free)#82517,Cell Signaling Technology (CST),82517

Nuclear retinoic acid (RA) receptors (RARs) consist of three subtypes encoded by separate genes: α (NR1B1), β (NR1B2), and γ (NR1B3). For each subtype, there are at least two isoforms, which are generated by differential promoter usage and alternative splicing and differ only in their N-terminal regions. Retinoids, which are metabolites of vitamin A, serve as ligands for RARs (1). RARs function as ligand-dependent transcriptional regulators and are found to be heterodimerized with retinoid X receptors (RXRs). These transcriptionally active dimers regulate the expression of genes involved in cellular differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis (2,3). Consequently, RARs play critical roles in a variety of biological processes, including development, reproduction, immunity, and organogenesis (4-6). RAR mutations, fusion proteins, altered expression levels, or aberrant post-translational modifications result in multiple diseases due to altered RAR function and disruption of homeostasis.In contrast to the ubiquitously expressed RARα subtype, RARγ displays a complex tissue-specific expression pattern (7). The hematopoietic system expresses significant levels of RARγ, and a recent study identified a role for RARγ in hematopoietic stem cell maintenance (8). RARγ is the predominant subtype in human and mouse epidermis, representing 90% of the RARs in this tissue (9-11). Given the high level of RARγ expression in the skin, it has been suggested that this nuclear receptor participates in a transcriptional program that governs maintenance and differentiation of normal epidermis and skin appendages. The transcriptional activity of RARγ is under stringent control, in part, through retinoic acid-induced phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation (12).Rochette-Egly, C. and Germain, P. (2009)Nucl Recept Signal7, e005.Delacroix, L. et al. (2010)Mol Cell Biol30, 231-44.Eifert, C. et al. (2006)Mol Reprod Dev73, 796-824.Mark, M. et al. (2006)Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol46, 451-80.Niederreither, K. and Dollé, P. (2008)Nat Rev Genet9, 541-53.Mark, M. et al. (2009)Nucl Recept Signal7, e002.Dollé, P. (2009)Nucl Recept Signal7, e006.Purton, L.E. et al. (2006)J Exp Med203, 1283-93.Fisher, G.J. et al. (1994)J Biol Chem269, 20629-35.Zelent, A. et al. (1989)Nature339, 714-7.Elder, J.T. et al. (1991)J Invest Dermatol96, 425-33.Giannì, M. et al. (2002)EMBO J21, 3760-9.Alternate NamesNR1B3; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group B member 3; RAR-gamma; RARC; RARG; retinoic acid nuclear receptor gamma variant 1; retinoic acid nuclear receptor gamma variant 2; Retinoic acid receptor gamma; retinoic acid receptor, gamma

NR1B3; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group B member 3; RAR-gamma; RARC; RARG; retinoic acid nuclear receptor gamma variant 1; retinoic acid nuclear receptor gamma variant 2; Retinoic acid receptor gamma; retinoic acid receptor, gamma