Ras (E4K9L) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Alexa Fluor^®488 Conjugate)#51813,Cell Signaling Technology (CST),51813

The 21 kDa guanine-nucleotide binding proteins (K-Ras, H-Ras, and N-Ras) cycle between active (GTP-bound) and inactive (GDP-bound) forms (1). Receptor tyrosine kinases and G protein-coupled receptors activate Ras, which then stimulates the Raf-MEK-MAPK pathway (2-4). GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) normally facilitate the inactivation of Ras. However, research studies have shown that in 30% of human tumors, point mutations in Ras prevent the GAP-mediated inhibition of this pathway (5). The most common oncogenic Ras mutation found in tumors is Gly12 to Asp12 (G12D), which prevents Ras inactivation, possibly by increasing the overall rigidity of the protein (5,6).Boguski, M.S. and McCormick, F. (1993)Nature366, 643-54.Avruch, J. et al. (1994)Trends Biochem Sci19, 279-83.Buday, L. and Downward, J. (1993)Cell73, 611-20.Huang, D.C. et al. (1993)Mol Cell Biol13, 2420-31.Bos, J.L. (1989)Cancer Res49, 4682-9.Ma, J. and Karplus, M. (1997)J Mol Biol274, 114-31.Alternate Names'C-K-RAS; ALPS4; C-BAS/HAS; c-H-ras; C-HA-RAS1; c-has/bas p21 protein; c-K-ras; c-Ki-ras; c-Ki-ras2; c-Kirsten-ras protein; c-ras-Ki-2 activated oncogene; cellular c-Ki-ras2 proto-oncogene; cellular transforming proto-oncogene; CFC2; CMNS; CTLO; GTP- and GDP-binding peptide B; GTPase HRas; GTPase HRas, N-terminally processed; GTPase KRas; GTPase KRas, N-terminally processed; GTPase NRas; H-Ras; H-Ras-1; H-RASIDX; Ha-Ras; Ha-Ras1 proto-oncoprotein; HAMSV; Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncoprotein; HRAS; HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase; HRAS1; K-Ras; K-RAS; K-Ras 2; K-ras p21 protein; K-RAS2A; K-RAS2B; K-RAS4A; K-RAS4B; Ki-Ras; Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; Kirsten rat sarcoma viral proto-oncogene; Kirsten rat sarcoma-2 viral (v-Ki-ras2) oncogene homolog; KRAS; KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase; KRAS1; KRAS2; N-ras; N-RAS; N-ras protein part 4; NCMS; neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene homolog; neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog; NRAS; NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase; NRAS1; NS; NS3; NS6; OES; oncogene KRAS2; p19 H-RasIDX protein; p21ras; PR310 c-K-ras oncogene; RALD; Ras family small GTP binding protein H-Ras; RASH; RASH1; RASK; RASK2; RASN; transformation gene: oncogene HAMSV; Transforming protein N-Ras; transforming protein p21; Transforming protein p21; v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog; v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; v-ras neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog

'C-K-RAS; ALPS4; C-BAS/HAS; c-H-ras; C-HA-RAS1; c-has/bas p21 protein; c-K-ras; c-Ki-ras; c-Ki-ras2; c-Kirsten-ras protein; c-ras-Ki-2 activated oncogene; cellular c-Ki-ras2 proto-oncogene; cellular transforming proto-oncogene; CFC2; CMNS; CTLO; GTP- and GDP-binding peptide B; GTPase HRas; GTPase HRas, N-terminally processed; GTPase KRas; GTPase KRas, N-terminally processed; GTPase NRas; H-Ras; H-Ras-1; H-RASIDX; Ha-Ras; Ha-Ras1 proto-oncoprotein; HAMSV; Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncoprotein; HRAS; HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase; HRAS1; K-Ras; K-RAS; K-Ras 2; K-ras p21 protein; K-RAS2A; K-RAS2B; K-RAS4A; K-RAS4B; Ki-Ras; Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; Kirsten rat sarcoma viral proto-oncogene; Kirsten rat sarcoma-2 viral (v-Ki-ras2) oncogene homolog; KRAS; KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase; KRAS1; KRAS2; N-ras; N-RAS; N-ras protein part 4; NCMS; neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene homolog; neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog; NRAS; NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase; NRAS1; NS; NS3; NS6; OES; oncogene KRAS2; p19 H-RasIDX protein; p21ras; PR310 c-K-ras oncogene; RALD; Ras family small GTP binding protein H-Ras; RASH; RASH1; RASK; RASK2; RASN; transformation gene: oncogene HAMSV; Transforming protein N-Ras; transforming protein p21; Transforming protein p21; v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma 2 viral oncogene homolog; v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; v-ras neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog