Ultra-LEAF™ Purified anti-human CD226 (DNAM-1) Antibody, CD226, W21097B,BioLegend,639754

DNAM-1, also known as CD226, was first identified as T lineage-specific activation antigen (TLiSA) and subsequently renamed as Platelet and T-cell activation antigen 1 (PTA). DNAM-1 consists of two Ig-like domains on its extracellular portion, a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic region containing binding motifs for members of band 4.1 family and membrane-associated guanylate kinase homolog (MAGUK) family. DNAM-1 is predominantly expressed on cell surface of T cells, NK cells, monocytes/ macrophages, platelets and megakaryocytes and a subset of B cells. DNAM-1 serves as a signaling-transducing adhesion molecule, and is physically and functionally associates with LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) on NK and T cells. The clustering of LFA-1 induces Fyn-mediated phosphorylation of DNAM-1 and signaling. Evidence suggests that DNAM-1 is involved in NK and T cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CTL) against ligand-expressing tumor cells. Two ligands for DNAM-1 have been identified, the poliovirus receptor (PVR/CD155) and its family member nectin-2 (PRR/CD112), which are located at cell junctions and broadly expressed on epithelial, endothelial and neuronal cells. Additionally, DNAM-1 regulates monocyte extravasation through PVR expressed by endothelial cells. It has been reported that DNAM-1 is specifically expressed on differentiated Th1 cells, but not to Th2 or Th0 cells. Antibody blocking assay demonstrates that DNAM-1 may play a role in polarization of T cells, activation and effectors of Th1 cells. PVRIG (CD112R) is identified as a novel immune checkpoint to inhibit T cell response by competing DNAM-1 with CD112.