Ultra-LEAF™ Purified anti-human FGF-9 Antibody, FGF-9, W20200C,BioLegend,636453

FGF-9, member of the fibroblast growth factor family, is a potent mitogen and can stimulate proliferation and invasion capacity of epithelial cells. Expressed in lung mesothelium and epithelium, FGF-9 plays an important role in lung development and maintenance in the adult organ. FGF-9 regulates lung branching by stimulating mesenchymal proliferation and inducing FGF-10 expression in the mesenchyme. FGF-9 deficient mice exhibit severely impaired lung development that may cause perinatal death. Additional phenotypes of FGF-9 deficient mice may include testicular hypoplasia and male-to-female sex reversion. Additional studies in mice have demonstrated that FGF-9 is required for normal sex determination by maintaining SOX9 expression and regulation of testosterone production in the mouse Leydig cells through AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. FGF-9 can be detected in the central nervous system and promotes the differentiation and survival of both neurons and glia cells. FGF-9 also regulates gap-junction formation in cultured astroglial cells. FGF-9 is also involved in bone formation, retinal differentiation and maturation, wound healing, and maintaining the stemness of kidney nephron progenitors. Expression of FGF-9 can be transcriptionally induced by prostaglandin E2, estrogen, and hypoxia. It has been shown that FGF-9 can form dimers and the dimeric FGF-9 binds to heparin with a higher affinity than the monomeric FGF-9. Overexpression of FGF-9 has been associated with many human cancers such as ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinomas, glioma, prostate cancer, and endometriosis.