VDAC1 Antibody (YA016),MedChemexpress,HY-P80369

VDAC1 protein serves as a versatile channel, permeating both the mitochondrial outer membrane and the plasma membrane. This dual functionality is pivotal, as the channel in the outer mitochondrial membrane facilitates the diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules, while in the plasma membrane, it plays a role in cell volume regulation and apoptosis. VDAC1 exhibits a dynamic conformational switch, adopting an open state at low or zero membrane potential and a closed state at potentials above 30-40 mV. The open state displays weak anion selectivity, whereas the closed state exhibits cation selectivity. Notably, VDAC1 binds various signaling molecules, including the sphingolipid ceramide, phospholipid phosphatidylcholine, and sterol cholesterol. In depolarized mitochondria, VDAC1 acts downstream of PRKN and PINK1, participating in mitophagy promotion or apoptosis prevention. Polyubiquitination by PRKN promotes mitophagy, while monoubiquitination by PRKN decreases mitochondrial calcium influx, ultimately inhibiting apoptosis. Additionally, VDAC1 may contribute to the formation of the permeability transition pore complex (PTPC), which releases mitochondrial products triggering apoptosis. Furthermore, it has been implicated in mediating ATP export from cells and is subject to inhibition by nitric oxide. The multifaceted functions of VDAC1 underscore its significance in various cellular processes, ranging from ion transport to cellular homeostasis and apoptosis regulation.