Biosimilar Antibodies

Dostarlimab Biosimilar – Anti-PDCD1, PD1, CD279 mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1526

Description of Dostarlimab Biosimilar - Anti-PDCD1, PD1, CD279 mAb - Research Grade Dostarlimab biosimilar Dostarlimab is a humanized monoclonal antibody. It aims to block programmed death receptor -1 (PD1). Dostarlimab has been approved in 2021 in the treatment of endometrial cancer under the brand name Jemperli. About the target: PD1 Programmed death receptor-1, is also called Programmed cell death protein (PDCD1). It is the cluster of differenciation 279 (CD279). This protein is an immune checkpoint, it has an inhibbitory activity on immune response. Indeed it can be found at the surface of immune T-cell. Its neutralization is therefore involved in many therapeutic research areas. PD-1 has two ligands, PDL-1 and PDL-2. PDL1 are expressed at the surface of many cancer cells. Therefore they activate the negative response of PD1. The blockade of the interaction between PD1 and its ligand is thought to be a promissing treatment of cancers. In mouse models, PD-1 blockade, has been shown to improve CD8+ T cell function. Many monoclonal antibodies have been developped to target and neutralize the binding activity of PD1. In addition to Dostarlimab, Ipilimumab, Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab for example have shown good results. Recent advances in Dostarlimab development In early June 2022, a phase 2 study reported good results in the application of Dostarlimab in rectal cancer treatment. Indeed a cohort of 12 patients has received the treatment for 6 months. At the end of the period, cancer cells were found in none of them. Besides, no side effect of grade 3 or higher were reported. This study raised a major interest in the scientific community. A research grade biosimilar Dostarlimab biosimilar is a humanized antibody produced in ProteoGenix proprietary mammalian cell line XtenCHOTM (Chinese Hamster Ovary -CHO). Proteogenix is using a recombinant DNA technology. Proteogenix is offering this product for research use only. Dostarlimab biosimilar is not suitable for clinical or therapeutic use.

Drozitumab Biosimilar – Anti-TNFRSF10B, TRAILR2, CD262 mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1243

Description of Drozitumab Biosimilar - Anti-TNFRSF10B, TRAILR2, CD262 mAb - Research Grade Introduction Drozitumab Biosimilar, also known as Anti-TNFRSF10B, TRAILR2, CD262 mAb, is a monoclonal antibody that targets the TNFRSF10B protein, also known as TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAILR2) or CD262. This protein is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily and is involved in the regulation of apoptosis, or programmed cell death. Drozitumab Biosimilar is a research grade antibody that has potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of various cancers. Structure of Drozitumab Biosimilar Drozitumab Biosimilar is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody, meaning it is derived from human cells and has a structure similar to natural human antibodies. It is composed of two heavy chains and two light chains, each with a variable region that binds specifically to the TNFRSF10B protein. The variable regions are connected to constant regions that provide stability and effector functions. The structure of Drozitumab Biosimilar allows it to bind to the TNFRSF10B protein with high specificity and affinity. Activity of Drozitumab Biosimilar Drozitumab Biosimilar works by binding to the TNFRSF10B protein on the surface of cancer cells. This binding triggers a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in the cancer cells. This mechanism of action is similar to the natural function of TRAILR2, which is to induce apoptosis in cells that are damaged or infected. However, cancer cells often develop resistance to TRAILR2-mediated apoptosis, making Drozitumab Biosimilar a promising therapeutic option for these types of cancers. Application of Drozitumab Biosimilar Drozitumab Biosimilar has potential applications in the treatment of various cancers, specifically those that overexpress the TNFRSF10B protein. These include solid tumors such as lung, breast, and colon cancers, as well as hematological malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma. In preclinical studies, Drozitumab Biosimilar has shown promising results in inhibiting tumor growth and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. In addition to its potential as a therapeutic agent, Drozitumab Biosimilar can also be used as a research tool in the study of TNFRSF10B and its role in cancer. Its high specificity and affinity for the TNFRSF10B protein make it a valuable tool for studying the signaling pathways and mechanisms involved in TRAILR2-mediated apoptosis. Conclusion In summary, Drozitumab Biosimilar is a research grade monoclonal antibody that targets the TNFRSF10B protein, also known as TRAIL receptor 2 or CD262. Its structure, activity, and potential therapeutic applications make it a promising candidate for the treatment of various cancers. As research in this field continues, Drozitumab Biosimilar may play a significant role in improving cancer treatment and patient outcomes.

Dulaglutide Biosimilar – Anti-Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1017

Description of Dulaglutide Biosimilar - Anti-Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist mAb - Research Grade General information about Dulaglutide Dulaglutide is a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist (GLP-1) biologic drug consisting of a dipeptidyl peptidase-IV-protected GLP-1 analogue covalently linked to a human IgG4-Fc heavy chain by a small peptide linker. Dulaglutide is indicated in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and can be used once a week. This product is for research use only.

Dupilumab Biosimilar – Anti-IL4R, CD124 mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1308

Description of Dupilumab Biosimilar - Anti-IL4R, CD124 mAb - Research Grade General information on Anti-IL4R/CD124[Homo sapiens] (Dupilumab) Monoclonal Antibody Dupilumab is a human monoclonal antibody of isotype IgG4 that targets the interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor, inhibiting the receptor signaling pathways. Dupilumab inhibits the signaling pathway of interleukins, that induce inflammatory and immunological reactions in several atopic or allergic conditions, such as eczema, allergic reaction, and rhinosinusitis.Dupilumab has been marketed under the trade name Dupixent. It has been also investigated for the treatment of diseases driven by allergic reactions or type 2 inflammation, such as pediatric atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Durvalumab Biosimilar – Research Grade mAb, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1002-

Eculizumab Biosimilar – Anti-C5 mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1039

Description of Eculizumab Biosimilar - Anti-C5 mAb - Research Grade Eculizumab Biosimilar – Anti-C5 mAb – Research Grade Eculizumab Biosimilar – Anti-C5 mAb – Research Grade: A Revolutionary Therapeutic Antibody Targeting Complement Component 5 Introduction Eculizumab Biosimilar, also known as Anti-C5 mAb, is a research-grade monoclonal antibody that specifically targets complement component 5 (C5). This biosimilar is a groundbreaking therapeutic antibody that has shown promising results in the treatment of various complement-mediated diseases. In this article, we will delve into the structure, activity, and applications of Eculizumab Biosimilar. Structure of Eculizumab Biosimilar Eculizumab Biosimilar is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that is derived from the parent antibody, Eculizumab. It is composed of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains, each with a molecular weight of approximately 150 kDa. The antibody has a unique structure with two antigen-binding fragments (Fab) that bind to the C5 protein and a constant fragment (Fc) that mediates effector functions. Activity of Eculizumab Biosimilar Eculizumab Biosimilar exerts its therapeutic effect by specifically targeting and inhibiting the activity of C5, a key component of the complement system. The complement system is a crucial part of the immune system that helps in the defense against pathogens. However, dysregulation of the complement system can lead to various diseases, including paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). Eculizumab Biosimilar blocks the cleavage of C5 into C5a and C5b, preventing the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, thus reducing tissue damage and inflammation. Applications of Eculizumab Biosimilar Eculizumab Biosimilar has shown promising results in the treatment of various complement-mediated diseases, including PNH, aHUS, and myasthenia gravis. PNH is a rare and life-threatening hematological disorder characterized by the destruction of red blood cells, leading to anemia, fatigue, and other complications. Eculizumab Biosimilar has been approved for the treatment of PNH and has shown to improve symptoms and quality of life in patients. aHUS is a rare genetic disorder that causes abnormal blood clots in small blood vessels, leading to damage to vital organs such as the kidneys. Eculizumab Biosimilar has been approved for the treatment of aHUS and has shown to improve kidney function and reduce the risk of organ damage. Moreover, Eculizumab Biosimilar has shown promising results in the treatment of myasthenia gravis, a neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue. Eculizumab Biosimilar has been shown to improve muscle strength and function in patients with myasthenia gravis. Conclusion In conclusion, Eculizumab Biosimilar is a revolutionary therapeutic antibody that specifically targets C5 and has shown promising results in the treatment of various complement-mediated diseases. Its unique structure and mechanism of action make it a promising option for patients who do not respond to conventional treatments. With ongoing research and development, Eculizumab Biosimilar has the potential to improve the lives of patients suffering from complement-mediated diseases.

Edrecolomab Biosimilar – Anti-EPCAM mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1081

Description of Edrecolomab Biosimilar - Anti-EPCAM mAb - Research Grade Introduction Edrecolomab Biosimilar, also known as Anti-EPCAM mAb, is a monoclonal antibody that has been developed as a biosimilar version of the original Edrecolomab. This biosimilar has been designed to target the Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EPCAM), a protein that is overexpressed in various types of cancer cells. In this article, we will discuss the structure, activity, and potential applications of Edrecolomab Biosimilar in the field of cancer research. Structure of Edrecolomab Biosimilar Edrecolomab Biosimilar is a monoclonal antibody that is produced through recombinant DNA technology. It is a humanized antibody, meaning that it contains both human and mouse components. The antibody is composed of two heavy chains and two light chains, which are linked together by disulfide bonds. The variable regions of the antibody are responsible for binding to the EPCAM protein, while the constant regions determine the antibody’s effector functions. Activity of Edrecolomab Biosimilar The primary activity of Edrecolomab Biosimilar is to bind to EPCAM, a transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed on the surface of many types of cancer cells. By binding to EPCAM, the antibody can block the interaction between cancer cells and the surrounding tissues, thus inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. Additionally, Edrecolomab Biosimilar can also induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), where immune cells such as natural killer cells are activated to kill cancer cells that are bound by the antibody. Applications of Edrecolomab Biosimilar Edrecolomab Biosimilar has shown promising results in preclinical studies and is currently being evaluated in clinical trials for its potential use in treating various types of cancer. Some of the potential applications of this biosimilar include: 1. Targeted therapy for colorectal cancer: EPCAM is highly expressed in colorectal cancer cells, making it an ideal target for Edrecolomab Biosimilar. In a phase II clinical trial, this biosimilar was found to be effective in reducing tumor size and improving overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. 2. Treatment for other EPCAM-positive cancers: Apart from colorectal cancer, EPCAM is also overexpressed in other types of cancer, such as breast, lung, and pancreatic cancer. Edrecolomab Biosimilar has the potential to be used as a targeted therapy for these cancers as well. 3. Adjuvant therapy for surgery: In some cases, cancer cells can spread and form new tumors after surgery. Edrecolomab Biosimilar can be used as an adjuvant therapy to prevent tumor recurrence by targeting any remaining cancer cells after surgery. 4. Diagnostic tool: Edrecolomab Biosimilar can also be used as a diagnostic tool to detect the presence of EPCAM in cancer cells. This can help in early detection and treatment of cancer. Conclusion Edrecolomab Biosimilar, as a biosimilar version of Edrecolomab, has a similar structure and activity in targeting EPCAM. Its potential applications in cancer treatment make it a promising therapeutic option for patients with EPCAM-positive cancers. Further clinical trials and research are needed to fully understand the potential of this biosimilar in the field of cancer research.

Efalizumab Biosimilar – Anti-ITGAL, CD11a mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1040

Description of Efalizumab Biosimilar - Anti-ITGAL, CD11a mAb - Research Grade General information on Anti-ITGAL/CD11a(Homo sapiens) (Efalizumab) Monoclonal Antibody Efalizumab is a recombinant monoclonal antibody to Human CD11A. Under the trade name Raptiva, it is a drug that was previously used to treat autoimmune diseases and was originally used to treat psoriasis. Efalizumab binds to the CD11a subunit of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 and inhibits lymphocyte activation and cell migration out of blood vessels into tissues. Efalizumab has been associated with fatal brain infections.

Eflumenibep alfa Biosimilar – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA2470-100

Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar – Anti-GDF-8 fusion protein – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA2039

Description of Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar - Anti-GDF-8 fusion protein - Research Grade Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar: A Promising Antibody for Targeting GDF-8 Introduction Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar is a novel fusion protein that has gained significant attention in the field of biopharmaceuticals. It is a biosimilar of Efmitermant alfa, a recombinant protein used for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney disease. This biosimilar is designed to target growth and differentiation factor 8 (GDF-8), a protein involved in regulating muscle growth and development. In this article, we will explore the structure, activity, and potential applications of Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar as a therapeutic antibody. Structure of Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar is a fusion protein composed of two components: Efmitermant alfa and an anti-GDF-8 antibody. The Efmitermant alfa component is a glycosylated protein with a molecular weight of approximately 30 kDa. It is produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using recombinant DNA technology. The anti-GDF-8 antibody component is a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to GDF-8 with high affinity. It is a human IgG1 antibody with a molecular weight of approximately 150 kDa. The two components of Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar are linked together by a flexible linker peptide, resulting in a final molecular weight of approximately 180 kDa. This fusion protein has a similar structure to the native GDF-8 protein, allowing it to bind to GDF-8 with high specificity and potency. Mechanism of Action Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar exerts its therapeutic effects by inhibiting the activity of GDF-8. GDF-8 is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily and plays a crucial role in regulating muscle growth and development. In healthy individuals, GDF-8 helps maintain muscle homeostasis by inhibiting muscle growth and promoting muscle atrophy. However, in certain disease conditions, such as cancer cachexia and muscular dystrophy, GDF-8 is overexpressed, leading to excessive muscle wasting. By binding to GDF-8, Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar blocks its interaction with its receptor, preventing the downstream signaling cascade that promotes muscle atrophy. This results in increased muscle mass and improved muscle function, making it a promising therapeutic target for various muscle-related disorders. Potential Applications Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar has shown promising results in preclinical studies for the treatment of various muscle-related disorders. In a mouse model of cancer cachexia, treatment with Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar resulted in increased muscle mass and improved muscle function. In a mouse model of muscular dystrophy, it improved muscle strength and reduced muscle degeneration. These results suggest that Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar could be a potential therapeutic option for these conditions. Furthermore, GDF-8 has also been implicated in other diseases, such as osteoporosis and type 2 diabetes. Inhibition of GDF-8 activity by Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar could potentially have beneficial effects in these diseases as well. Clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar in these conditions. Conclusion Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar is a novel fusion protein designed to target GDF-8, a protein involved in regulating muscle growth and development. Its unique structure and mechanism of action make it a promising therapeutic option for various muscle-related disorders. With ongoing research and clinical trials, Efmitermant alfa Biosimilar has the potential to improve the lives of patients suffering from these conditions.