Biosimilar Antibodies

Tocilizumab Biosimilar – Anti-IL-6R mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1030

Description of Tocilizumab Biosimilar - Anti-IL-6R mAb - Research Grade General information on Tocilizumab Therapeutic Antibody The tocilizumab antibody is an IgG1 kappa monoclonal protein obtained from mouse hybridoma and subsequently humanized for use in antibody therapy. Tocilizumab acts as an immunosuppressant and it has been designed to bind the human interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R), which occurs in membrane-bound or soluble form. The receptor is known to bind IL-6, a 21-26 kDa glycoprotein, and mediate proinflammatory reactions in response to infections or tissue injuries. IL-6 production is triggered locally and only during the early stages of inflammation. Despite its key role in the immune response, IL-6 overproduction has been observed in different chronic inflammatory diseases and some forms of cancer. Moreover, its presence has been linked with the excessive and potentially fatal inflammatory responses known as “cytokine storm.” Tocilizumab is one of the first humanized monoclonal antibodies ever to be licensed and commercialized as an efficient IL6R blocker. Due to its specificity, it is recurrently used to treat autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, cytokine release syndrome (or “cytokine storm”), and polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis; some forms of cancer such as Castleman’s disease; and inflammatory diseases such as giant cell arteritis. Recent studies showed that IL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients on ventilators can be 10 times higher in comparison to patients with milder symptoms of the disease. Exacerbated levels of the proinflammatory molecule have previously been observed in other coronavirus-mediated diseases such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). In these diseases as in the case of COVID-19, the leading cause of death appears to be severe lung inflammation in the form of “cytokine storm.” The efficiency of Tocilizumab in the COVID-19 disease has been recently reported in several observational studies, including a study from Italy where researchers reported improved oxygenation in 74% and 65% of the patients on mechanical or non-invasive ventilation, respectively. Multiple randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trials are currently underway to validate the efficiency of this IgG1 antibody for the treatment of the COVID-19 disease. This product is for research use only.

Tolododekin alfa Biosimilar – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA2517-100

Tomuzotuximab Biosimilar – Research Grade mAb, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1473-

Toripalimab Biosimilar – Anti-PDCD1, PD1, CD279 mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1540

Description of Toripalimab Biosimilar - Anti-PDCD1, PD1, CD279 mAb - Research Grade Toripalimab Biosimilar – Anti-PDCD1, PD1, CD279 mAb – Research Grade Structure of Toripalimab Biosimilar Toripalimab Biosimilar is a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor. It is a biosimilar version of Toripalimab, an FDA-approved immunotherapy for the treatment of various types of cancer. The structure of Toripalimab Biosimilar is similar to that of Toripalimab, with a molecular weight of approximately 150 kDa and a structure consisting of two heavy chains and two light chains. Activity of Toripalimab Biosimilar Toripalimab Biosimilar works by binding to the PD-1 receptor on the surface of T cells, which are important immune cells in the body. The PD-1 receptor plays a crucial role in regulating the immune response by inhibiting T cell activity. By binding to the PD-1 receptor, Toripalimab Biosimilar blocks its inhibitory function and allows the T cells to become activated, leading to a stronger immune response against cancer cells. Toripalimab Biosimilar has been shown to have a high affinity and specificity for the PD-1 receptor, making it a potent immunotherapy for cancer treatment. It has also been shown to have a longer half-life compared to other anti-PD-1 antibodies, allowing for less frequent dosing and potentially reducing treatment costs. Application of Toripalimab Biosimilar Toripalimab Biosimilar is primarily used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of various types of cancer, including melanoma, lung cancer, and bladder cancer. It has also shown promising results in clinical trials for other types of cancer, such as gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. As a biosimilar version of Toripalimab, this antibody offers a more affordable option for cancer treatment while maintaining the same efficacy and safety profile. It is also a valuable tool for researchers studying the PD-1 pathway and developing new immunotherapies for cancer treatment. Conclusion Toripalimab Biosimilar is a potent anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody with a similar structure and activity to the FDA-approved Toripalimab. It works by blocking the inhibitory function of the PD-1 receptor, leading to a stronger immune response against cancer cells. This biosimilar version offers a more affordable option for cancer treatment and is also a valuable tool for research in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Keywords Antibody, therapeutic target, Toripalimab Biosimilar, anti-PDCD1, PD1, CD279 mAb, research grade, structure, activity, application.

Torudokimab Biosimilar – Anti-IL33 mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1727

Description of Torudokimab Biosimilar - Anti-IL33 mAb - Research Grade Introduction Torudokimab Biosimilar, also known as Anti-IL33 mAb, is a research grade monoclonal antibody that targets the cytokine IL-33. This antibody has shown promising results in pre-clinical studies and is currently being investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in various diseases. In this article, we will discuss the structure, activity, and potential applications of Torudokimab Biosimilar in detail. Structure of Torudokimab Biosimilar Torudokimab Biosimilar is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that is produced using recombinant DNA technology. It is a fully human IgG1 antibody that is composed of two heavy chains and two light chains. The heavy chains consist of four constant domains (CH1, CH2, CH3, and CH4) and one variable domain (VH), while the light chains consist of two constant domains (CL and CL2) and one variable domain (VL). The variable domains of both the heavy and light chains are responsible for binding to the target IL-33. Activity of Torudokimab Biosimilar IL-33 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in various diseases such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Torudokimab Biosimilar specifically targets IL-33 and inhibits its activity, thereby reducing inflammation and associated symptoms. This antibody binds to IL-33 with high affinity and prevents it from binding to its receptor, ST2, on the surface of immune cells. This results in the suppression of immune responses mediated by IL-33, leading to a decrease in inflammation. Applications of Torudokimab Biosimilar Torudokimab Biosimilar has shown promising results in pre-clinical studies for its potential therapeutic applications in various diseases. Some of the specific applications of this antibody are discussed below: 1. Asthma: IL-33 has been identified as a key player in the development of asthma. Torudokimab Biosimilar has shown to be effective in reducing airway inflammation and improving lung function in pre-clinical studies. It has the potential to be a novel treatment option for asthma patients. 2. Rheumatoid Arthritis: IL-33 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Torudokimab Biosimilar has shown to be effective in reducing joint inflammation and cartilage damage in pre-clinical studies. It has the potential to be a promising treatment option for rheumatoid arthritis patients. 3. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): IL-33 has been found to be elevated in patients with IBD, and its inhibition has shown to be beneficial in reducing inflammation in pre-clinical studies. Torudokimab Biosimilar has the potential to be a novel treatment option for IBD patients. 4. Psoriasis: IL-33 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and its inhibition has shown to be effective in reducing skin inflammation in pre-clinical studies. Torudokimab Biosimilar has the potential to be a promising treatment option for psoriasis patients. 5. Other Diseases: IL-33 has also been linked to other diseases such as atopic dermatitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and multiple sclerosis. Torudokimab Biosimilar has the potential to be a potential treatment option for these diseases as well. Conclusion In conclusion, Torudokimab Biosimilar is a research grade monoclonal antibody that targets the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-33. It has a unique structure and high affinity for IL-33, making it a potential therapeutic option for various diseases. Pre-clinical studies have shown promising results for its potential applications in asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, IBD, psoriasis, and other diseases. Further clinical trials are needed to determine its safety and efficacy in humans. Torudokimab Biosimilar has the potential to be a valuable addition to the current treatment options for these diseases.

Tosatoxumab Biosimilar – Anti-alpha toxin mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1324

Description of Tosatoxumab Biosimilar - Anti-alpha toxin mAb - Research Grade General information on Anti-alpha toxin[Staphylococcus aureus] (Tosatoxumab) Monoclonal Antibody Tosatoxumab is a human monoclonal antibody (IgG1 lambda) that targets the Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin or the S. aureus alpha-hemolysin thus protecting human cells.

Tralokinumab Biosimilar – Anti-IL13 mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1126

Description of Tralokinumab Biosimilar - Anti-IL13 mAb - Research Grade Introduction Tralokinumab Biosimilar, also known as Anti-IL13 mAb, is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that has been developed as a potential therapeutic option for various inflammatory diseases. This biosimilar is a research grade version of the original tralokinumab, which is a fully humanized anti-IL13 mAb developed by AstraZeneca. Structure of Tralokinumab Biosimilar Tralokinumab Biosimilar is a recombinant, fully humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody. It is composed of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains, each containing a variable region and a constant region. The variable region of tralokinumab binds specifically to interleukin-13 (IL-13), a cytokine that is involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. Activity of Tralokinumab Biosimilar Tralokinumab Biosimilar works by binding to IL-13 and blocking its interaction with its receptor, IL-13Rα1. This prevents IL-13 from exerting its pro-inflammatory effects, which include promoting airway inflammation, mucus production, and tissue fibrosis. By inhibiting IL-13, tralokinumab biosimilar helps to reduce the symptoms of inflammatory diseases and improve patient outcomes. Therapeutic Target The therapeutic target of Tralokinumab Biosimilar is IL-13, a cytokine that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. IL-13 is produced by activated T helper type 2 (Th2) cells and has been implicated in the development of asthma, atopic dermatitis, and other allergic and autoimmune conditions. By targeting IL-13, tralokinumab biosimilar has the potential to provide a targeted and effective treatment option for these diseases. Application of Tralokinumab Biosimilar Tralokinumab Biosimilar is currently being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including asthma and atopic dermatitis. In a phase IIb clinical trial, tralokinumab biosimilar demonstrated significant improvements in lung function and asthma control in patients with severe uncontrolled asthma. It has also shown promising results in a phase II trial for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, with a significant reduction in disease severity and symptoms. In addition, tralokinumab biosimilar has the potential to be used in combination with other therapies for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. For example, in a phase II trial for the treatment of severe uncontrolled asthma, tralokinumab biosimilar was found to have an additive effect when used in combination with standard asthma medications. Conclusion In summary, Tralokinumab Biosimilar is a promising research grade version of the original tralokinumab, which has shown potential as a targeted treatment option for various inflammatory diseases. Its structure, activity, and therapeutic target make it a promising candidate for the treatment of conditions such as asthma and atopic dermatitis. Further research and clinical trials are needed to fully evaluate its efficacy and safety, but tralokinumab biosimilar has the potential to provide a much-needed alternative for patients with these debilitating diseases.

Trastuzumab Biosimilar – Anti-HER2 mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1005

Description of Trastuzumab Biosimilar - Anti-HER2 mAb - Research Grade General information about Trastuzumab Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody for patients with invasive breast cancers that overexpress HER2. Trastuzumab has the potential for HER2 Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer and HER2 Positive Gastric Cancer research. This product is for research use only.

Tregalizumab Biosimilar – Anti-CD4 mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1263

Description of Tregalizumab Biosimilar - Anti-CD4 mAb - Research Grade General information on Anti-CD4[Homo sapiens] (Tregalizumab) Monoclonal Antibody Tregalizumab has been investigated for the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Tremelimumab Biosimilar – Anti-CTLA4, CD152 mAb – Research Grade, ProteoGenix, PX-TA1177

Description of Tremelimumab Biosimilar - Anti-CTLA4, CD152 mAb - Research Grade General information on Anti-CTLA4/CD152(Homo sapiens) (Tremelimumab) Monoclonal Antibody Tremelimumab is studied for the treatment of Mesothelioma, Liver Neoplasms, Liver Cancer, Liver Cell Caricinoma, and HepatoCellular Carcinoma.